Oral Presentation ESA-SRB 2023 in conjunction with ENSA

A surge in cytoplasmic viscosity triggers nuclear remodelling required for Dux silencing and preimplantation embryo development   (#28)

Yunan Ye 1 , Hayden A Homer 1
  1. Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

Embryonic genome activation (EGA) marks the transition from dependence on maternal transcripts to an embryonic transcriptional program. The precise temporal regulation of gene expression, specifically the silencing of the Dux/MERVL program during late 2-cell interphase, is crucial for developmental progression in mouse embryos. How this finely tuned regulation is achieved within this specific window is poorly understood. Here, using particle-tracking microrheology throughout the mouse oocyte-to-embryo transition, we identify a surge in cytoplasmic viscosity specific to late 2-cell interphase brought about by high microtubule and endomembrane density. Importantly, preventing the rise in 2-cell viscosity severely impaired nuclear reorganisation resulting in a persistently open chromatin configuration and failure to silence Dux/MERVL. This in turn derailed embryo development beyond the 2- and 4-cell stages. Our findings reveal a mechanical role for the cytoplasm in regulating Dux/MERVL repression via nuclear remodelling during a temporally confined period in late 2-cell interphase.